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Changes
Hops
,→Chemistry and Characteristics
! Oxidized Compound !! Precursor !! Beer Soluble (Y/N/?) !! Bitterness Level !! Notes
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| Humulinones (cohumulinone, n-humulinone, and adhumulinone) || alpha-acids (cohumulone, humulone, and adhumulone) || Y || 66% as bitter as iso-alpha-acids || AlphaIn hops, alpha-acids are degraded to humulinones in the presence of air, with higher temperatures leading to more rapid conversion.
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| Abeo-isohumulone || Humulinone || ? || Not reported; might contribute to bitterness of beers with high amounts of aged hops. || Derived from the oxidation of humulinonein hops. Found in naturally aged Saaz and Nugget hops over a long period of storage.
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| 4'-hydroxyallohumulinones || Humulinones || ? || Not reported; might contribute to bitterness of beers with high amounts of aged hops. || Believed to be derived from the oxidation of humulinonein hops. They are more stable than humulinone over time and are thus thought to be useful indicators of the degree of oxidation in hops.
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