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→S. pastorianus
Commonly known as lager yeast to brewers, this yeast is a hybrid of ''S. eubayanus'' and ''S. cerevisiae'' <ref name="wikipedia_cereisiae" />. ''S. pastorianus'' is named after the first description by Max Reess in 1870 following his work with German breweries utilizing bottom-fermenting lager yeast, naming it originally after Louis Pasteur.
For a long time the origins of the hybrid were unknown and were postulated to be a hybrid between ''S. cerevisiae'' and ''S.uvarum'', or ''S. cerevisiae'' and ''S.bayanus''. Recent work eg. Libkind et al 2011 proved that the hybridisation was between ''S. eubayanus'', which had been recently found in South America and ''S. cerevisiae'' <ref name="libkind_2011" /><ref name="bing_2014" />. Further work points to a Tibetan lineage of ''S.eubayanus'' being most the most likely from that discovered so far [https:<ref name="bing_2014" //www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(14)00469-2]>.
This species is separated into two main lineages, "Saaz" and "Frohberg". The two lineages are believed to have descended from different hybridization events between ''S. eubayanus'' and ''S. cerevisiae''. The two lineages also have different genetic structure, with Frohberg types having two copies of each of the ''S. eubayanus'' and ''S. cerevisiae'' chromosomes (triploid), and Saaz types having one copy of the ''S. cerevisiae'' chromosomes and two copies of the ''S. eubayanus'' chromosomes (allotetraploid) <ref><[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24578374 Genome sequence of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, the world's first pure culture lager yeast. Walther A, Hesselbart A, Wendland J. 2014. DOI: 10.1534/g3.113.010090.]</ref>