Changes

All metabolism by Lactobacillus will require sugar to be consumed and lactate (lactic acid) to be produced, including growth. Two categories of metabolism exist, '''homofermentative''' and '''heterofermentative'''. ''Homofermentative '' metabolism is described as the cell catabolizing one mole of glucose to yield two moles of pyruvate, which is reduced to two moles of lactate (lactic acid). ''Heterofermentative '' metabolism is described as the cell catabolizing one mole of glucose into one mole of CO2 and one mole of glyceraldehyde phosphate and one mole of acetyl phosphate. The mole of glyceraldehyde phosphate is reduced to one mole of lactate, and the acetyl phosphate is reduced to on mole of ethanol. Thus, ''homofermentative '' LAB produces only lactic acid, while ''heterofermentative '' LAB produce lactic acid, CO2, and ethanol <ref>[http://textbookofbacteriology.net/lactics_2.html Todar's Online Texbook of Bacteriology. Kenneth Todar, PhD. Retrieved 05/06/2015.]</ref>.