Changes

It's been shown that chemical cleaners are better at removing biofilms than sanitizers and disinfectants. Complete removal of unwanted microbes within biofilms can be achieved by first using a cleaning agent followed by a sanitizing agent. CIP procedures may not be enough to remove biofilms without high turbulent flow with spray nozzles and the use of heat (low cleaning temperatures are not effective at removing biofilms). Chlorinated alkaline detergents were found to be the most effective at removing biofilms <ref name="Wirtanen_2001" />. Below is a typical CIP process according to [http://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/publications/2000/P410.pdf Erna Storgårds (2000)]; use hot temperatures when possible and maximum times to more effectively remove biofilms: