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''Schizosaccharomyces'' is a genus of fission yeasts. The most well-studied species is ''S. pombe''. At present four ''Schizosaccharomyces '' species have been described (''S. pombe, S. japonicus, S. octosporus and S. cryophilus''). Like the distantly related ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'', ''Schizosaccharomyces'' is a significant model organism in the study of eukaryotic cell biology. It is particularly useful in evolutionary studies because it is thought to have diverged from the ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae '' lineage between 300 million and 1 billion years ago, and thus provides an evolutionary distant comparison.