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''Oenococcus oeni'' is considered the primary MLF bacteria in wine because it can withstand the harsh conditions of wine. Other lactic acid bacteria besides ''O. oeni'' also have some malolactic fermentation capabilities. ''[[Pediococcus]]'', [[Nonconventional_Yeasts_and_Bacteria#Leuconostoc|''Leuconostoc'']] and ''[[Lactobacillus]]'' species are often present at the beginning of MLF, but generally die off in wine towards the end of MLF. These genre are generally seen as spoilage species that create off-flavors in wine and cider making, specifically [[Pediococcus#.22Ropy.22_or_.22Sick.22_Beer|exopolysaccharide (ropy)]] production and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogenic_amine#Determination_of_biogenic_amines_in_wines biogenic amines]. Despite this general rule, some strains of ''P. damnosus'' have been found to positively affect Albariño and Caiño white wines due to their ability to perform MLF, and dominated over inoculations of ''O. oeni''. The strains used were ones that did not produce exopolysaccharides or biogenic amines, and were determined to have a positive influence on the white wine <ref>[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jam.12392/full Effect of malolactic fermentation by Pediococcus damnosus on the composition and sensory profile of Albariño and Caiño white wines. M. Juega, A. Costantini, F. Bonello, M.-C. Cravero, A.J. Martinez-Rodriguez, A.V. Carraschosa, E. Garcia-Moruno. 2013.]</ref>.
In the presence of citric acid, which is the case of wine and perry, ''O. oeni'' has been shown to produce diacetyl and acetic acid during MLF <ref>[http://wineserver.ucdavis.edu/industry/enology/methods_and_techniques/reagents/citric_acid.html "Citric Acid". Viticulture & Enology website. 01/03/2017. Retrieved 10/02/2017.]</ref>. Tariq Ahmed from Revel Cider Co. attributes his perries made from Bartlett pear having a "Flanders red-like" character to them partially his perries made from Bartlett pear due to the acetic acid production from citric acid and sorbitol in the pears <ref>[https://www.facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/permalink/1838663342828538/ Tariq Ahmed on the role of citric acid in perries. Milk The Funk Facebook group. 10/02/2017.]</ref>.
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